Yao, a legendary ruler with the personal name of "Fangxun' in ancient Chinese mythology, was the son of Emperor Ku and Qingdu, the emperor's third concubine surnamed Chenfeng. Yao was also named "Yaotang Shi" and widely known as "Tangyao", due to the land conferred upon him in Yao and Tang areas.

At the age of 15, Yao began to assist his elder brother Emperor Zhi in ruling the country. Thanks to his high moral standards, his reputation spread far and wide and vassals all pledged allegiance to him. In the end, Emperor Zhi gave the throne to Yao out of admiration for his ethics and talent. After ascending the throne, Yao was given the title "Emperor Yao".

During his reigning period, Emperor Yao put lots of outstanding people in important positions and made remarkable political achievements. He ordered Xi and He to formulate the calendar system and sent Gun and Yu to control floods to keep disaster away from the people. He also launched punitive expeditions against barbarian tribes and banished evil doers and criminals. With him at the helm, the people enjoyed a good and prosperous life.

In his later years, Yao handed over the crown to Shun, who had exceptional talent and moral virtues. It is said that when Yao died, all the people grieved as if they had lost their parents. For three years, music and recreational activities were banned as a way to pay tribute to the great man.